# Waterfalls

Source: https://projectgcse.co.uk/geography/water/waterfalls

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- It is important to be able to draw and clearly label waterfalls for the Geography GCSE exam. You can find a picture of a waterfall in a Geography text book or good encyclopaedia. Here are the main facts and labels you need to know:
- The rock on the top of the waterfall is a hard rock, it is good to give an example such as Limestone.
- The rock underneath and behind the waterfall is a soft rock which can be easily worn away. Again, a good example of this is shale.

HOW THE WATERFALL FORMS:

- A step is present in the soft rock which forces the water downwards.
- The water starts to erode as it is pushed down and creates a plunge pool.
- The water keeps eroding and the waterfall gets bigger.
- At this point the water starts undercutting the soft rock behind the waterfall.
- This process continues and hard rock is broken off as the waterfall retreats.
- Spray from the waterfall undercuts more.