There are many ways that development of a country can be measured:
Life expectancy at birth - Simply the number of years a new born baby is expected to live. The larger the number, the more developed the country is.
Daily food supply - This number is measured in calories and shows how many calories each person in the country consumes each day. The larger the number, the more developed the country is.
Adult literacy rate - The number of adults that can read and write in the country. The larger the number, the more developed the country is.
Energy consumption - This number is measured in kg equivalent of coal but it can be any energy supply including coal, oil, gas. It is the amount of energy a country consumes.