Cells, Tissues and Organs

Cells are the basic unit of all living things. The different parts of cells include:

• Protoplasm - consists of cytoplasm and nucleus
• Cytoplasm - jelly like substance where chemical reactions take place and other parts are embedded
• Nucleus - controls reproduction and also contains the characteristics of the cell
• Cell membrane - surrounds the cell and controls what moves in and out of the cell
• Mitochondria - found only in plant cells where respiration occurs
• Chloroplasts - make plants green. Contain chlorophyll which is needed for photosynthesis
• Cell wall - gives the cell its shape. The cell "skeleton"
• Vacuoles - where the cell sap is stored

Plant cell

• Chlorophyll in chloroplasts
• Cellulose cell wall
• Large vacuoles

Animal cell

• No Chlorophyll or chloroplasts
• No Cellulose cell wall
• Small or no vacuoles

Tissues

• Made up of lots of cells of the same type. e.g. muscle tissue is made up of many muscle cells

Organs

• Different tissues working together to carry out a certain function. An organ can contain different types of tissue e.g. the heart